Explain the basic terms of modern physics (2)

Event horizon

This is the way ticket around the black hole point, often referred to as horizon. Was once believed that it is a singular point with infinite gravity, but now that it is used to describe the coordinates of its man-made product.

Special relativity

Einstein proposed the theory in 1905, based on the speed of light constant. Based on this principle, the faster you exercise, time becomes slower, the more increase the quality, the more shorter distance. At the same time, matter and energy by the equation E = mc2 this associate. The result of special relativity is that the atomic bomb.

General relativity

This is Einstein's gravitational theory. In Einstein's theory, gravity is no longer as a force, but was degraded to a product of geometry is the curvature of space-time created a false impression, as if people think there is a force called gravity attraction . In the experiments have confirmed its accuracy rate was 99%, and predicted the existence of black holes and the universe is expanding. However, this theory is applied to the black hole center or the universe does not work when creating the moment, and can not do meaningful predictions. To explain these phenomena, quantum theory must be used.

Grand unified theory (GUT)

This is a the weak, strong and electromagnetic interactions (not gravity) unified theory. Various grand unified theory of symmetry (eg SU (5)) the quark and lepton mixing. According to these theories, the proton is unstable, will decay positron. Grand unified theory of inherent instability (unless added to super-symmetry). Various grand unified theories are not gravity Concept (grand unified theory of the concept of adding gravity will appear after divergence with the ultra-digit).

Grandfather Paradox

In the story of time travel, once changed the past, now all become impossible, thus a paradox. If you go back to the past, before you put your parents were born to kill, then you simply would not exist. To resolve this paradox, or is the use of self-consistency principle, so though you can go back to the past, but you can not artificially change it; or should exist parallel universes.

Hawking radiation

Refers to the slow evaporation of the black hole out from the radiation. This form of radiation to blackbody radiation, a specific temperature, is due to quantum particle can pass through the gravitational field around a black hole caused.

Hubble constant

It refers to the speed of the galaxy divided by its redshift distance. Hubble constant used to measure the cosmic expansion rate, its countdown and the age of the universe into a general correlation. Hubble constant, the lower, older universe. WMAP satellite to set the Hubble constant of 71 km per Mpc / sec per million light years or 21.8 km / s, thus ending decades of dispute. (Per 1 million seconds is equivalent to 3.26 million light years difference)

Hubble's law

That is, the more distant galaxy from Earth, the faster it's moving. This is 1929 by the Edwin. Hubble discovered. The observed expansion of the universe with Einstein's theory is consistent.

Hyperspace

It is more than four dimensions of space. String theory (M-theory) predicts that there should be 10 (11) a super-space dimension. There are no experimental data show that the existence of these high-dimensional, perhaps because they are too small to be measured.

The paradox of Schrodinger cat

The paradox raised the question is whether the cat may also already died and was still alive. According to quantum theory, put the cat in the box could be both dead is living, at least until we observe its way, it sounds absurd. But according to quantum mechanics, we are really observing in, we have the cat's wave function of all possible states are taken into account. To resolve this paradox, there are two main approaches, namely, either conscious decision to assume the existence of either assuming the existence of infinite number of parallel universes.